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41.
CI Stefanadis CG Stratos SG Lambrou VK Bahl DV Cokkinos VA Voudris SG Foussas CP Tsioufis PK Toutouzas 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,32(4):1009-1016
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to present the immediate and intermediate long-term results of the application of retrograde nontransseptal balloon mitral valvuloplasty (RNBMV) in four cooperating centers from Greece and India. BACKGROUND: RNBMV is a purely transarterial method of balloon valvuloplasty, developed with the aim to avoid complications associated with transseptal catheterization. Only single-center experience with RNBMV has been previously reported. METHODS: The procedure was attempted in 441 patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis (320 women, 121 men, mean age [+/-SD] 44+/-11 years, mean echocardiographic score [+/-SD] 7.7+/-2.0) from 1988 to 1996. Three hundred eighty-five patients with successful immediate outcome were followed clinically for a mean [+/-SD] of 3.5+/-1.9 (range, 0.5-9.1) years. RESULTS: A technically successful procedure was achieved in 388 (88%) cases. The echocardiographic score (p < 0.001), male gender (p=0.005), preprocedural mitral regurgitation (p=0.007) and previous surgical commissurotomy (p=0.029) were unfavorable predictors of immediate outcome. Complications included death (0.2%), severe mitral regurgitation (3.4%) and injury of the femoral artery (1.1%). Event-free (freedom from cardiac death, mitral valve surgery, repeat valvuloplasty and NYHA class > II symptoms) survival rates (+/-SEM) were 100%, 96.9+/-0.9%, 89.8+/-1.9% and 75.5+/-5.5% at 1, 2, 4 and 9 years, respectively. The echocardiographic score (p < 0.001), NYHA class (p=0.008) and postprocedural mitral valve area (p=0.009) were significant independent predictors of intermediate long-term outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Multicenter experience indicates that RNBMV is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of symptomatic mitral stenosis. As with the transseptal approach, patients with favorable mitral valve anatomy derive the greatest immediate and intermediate long-term benefit from this procedure. 相似文献
42.
In Europe, the digital second generation (2G) systems, IS-136 and the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), developed were based on time division multiple access (TDMA) and in the US, the IS-95 system developed was based on code division multiple access (CDMA). The 2G technologies developed both in Europe and US suffered from a number of limitations that included: low bit rate for 2G systems and non-interoperability between the standards. The low bit rate for 2G systems could not meet subscriber demands for new and faster non-voice services while on the move. Hence, the third generation (3G) systems were developed with the aim to solve these problems by promising global roaming across 3G standards, as well as support for multimedia applications. These 3G services are based on CDMA. 相似文献
43.
Harish C. Bahl 《IIE Transactions》1983,15(2):136-141
The column generation algorithm for the multi-item lot-size scheduling problem under resource constraints is examined and improved upon by augmenting simpler heuristic routines in place of the time-consuming Wagner-Whitin dynamic programming routine. The heuristic algorithms thus developed are tested by controlling problem size, setup time, demand variability, and capacity change costs in test problems. The empirical results indicate that the proposed heuristic algorithms reduce CPU time as well as the number of iterations with only a slight loss in optimality. 相似文献
44.
Single crystals of Se1?xTex (with x varying from 0.1 to 0.9) were successfully grown by the Bridgman method. D.C. Hall effect and temperature dependence of π of these crystals were measured. π at 300°K is found to decrease and the carrier concentration to increase approximately exponentially with x. The temperature dependence of π shows that the conduction is thermally activated. At low temperature (< 300 °K) extrinsic conduction is dominant with the value of the activation energy decreasing from 0.065 to 0.006 eV as x increases from 0.1 to 0.9. At higher temperature, intrinsic conduction is observed for alloys with x = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.8 yielding the values of intrinsic band gaps (Eg). The values of Eg are found to decrease with x. 相似文献
45.
Christensen M Abrahamsen AB Christensen NB Juranyi F Andersen NH Lefmann K Andreasson J Bahl CR Iversen BB 《Nature materials》2008,7(10):811-815
Engineering of materials with specific physical properties has recently focused on the effect of nano-sized 'guest domains' in a 'host matrix' that enable tuning of electrical, mechanical, photo-optical or thermal properties. A low thermal conductivity is a prerequisite for obtaining effective thermoelectric materials, and the challenge is to limit the conduction of heat by phonons, without simultaneously reducing the charge transport. This is named the 'phonon glass-electron crystal' concept and may be realized in host-guest systems. The guest entities are believed to have independent oscillations, so-called rattler modes, which scatter the acoustic phonons and reduce the thermal conductivity. We have investigated the phonon dispersion relation in the phonon glass-electron crystal material Ba(8)Ga(16)Ge(30) using neutron triple-axis spectroscopy. The results disclose unambiguously the theoretically predicted avoided crossing of the rattler modes and the acoustic-phonon branches. The observed phonon lifetimes are longer than expected, and a new explanation for the low kappa(L) is provided. 相似文献
46.
Structural studies of Gex - Cu1?x alloy films show that for x >0.80 300 K deposited films are found to be amorphous. On in situ heating these samples to ~ 100°C, a discrete, crystalline, second phase particles of Cu3 Ge (?) compound appear in the amorphous matrix of Ge. For x ? 0.8 crystallites of Cu3 Ge can be detected in amorphous Ge at room temperature. At higher Cu concentration (x < 0.4) in addition to crystalline Cu3 Ge and Ge, free copper is detected. These structural studies suggest that the superconductivity behavior observed in the quenched alloy films presumably arise from small crystallites of Cu3 Ge embedded in the amorphous matrix of Ge. 相似文献
47.
Two influenza viruses were isolated from turkeys in 1973. A/Turkey/Minn/PR/73 was isolated from a flock with a 75% mortality. Antigenically its hemagglutinin was not similar to that of A/Turkey/Wis/66 virus. A/Turkey/Minn/Kandi/73 was recovered from a flock with 67% mortality. This isolant was antigenically similar to A/Turkey/Wis/66. 相似文献
48.
Geissberger A.E. Sadler R.A. Singh H.P. Lewis F.K. Bahl I.J. Balzan M.L. Griffin E.L. Drinkwine M.J. 《Microwave Theory and Techniques》1988,36(12):1706-1713
Production technology details, RF performance, and yield results for an ECL-compatible, L -band, limiting dual-modulus (÷10/11) prescalar are presented. Monolithic integration of analog and digital circuit functions is achieved using refractory self-aligned-gate FET technology. When tested with -22-dBm input signal power, one lot of six wafers had a total RF chip yield of 19% with a best-wafer yield of 43%. The average operating frequency was 1.45 GHz (SD=51 MHz) with an average power dissipation of 696 mW (SD=23 mW) 相似文献
49.
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